The use of algae-based biostimulants as biopromoters for the growth, flowering, and fruiting phases has intensified in recent years, despite a lack of information about the ideal quantity for maximum efficiency by the plant. This study aimed to select the concentration and application timing capable of modulating the physiology and increasing the productivity of soybean plants. The trials were carried out in a greenhouse using soil typical dystrophic yellow latosol from a semiarid region, with leaf spraying of biostimulant at 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 L ha-1, in a single or divided dosage, in different developmental stages (V4, V4+R1, R1, R1+R4) of Extrema soybean cultivar. Growth, water content, pollen viability, gas exchanges, and plant productivity were investigated. The biostimulant promoted a better physiological conditioning and productive responses, depending on the dose and application timing. Sweed algae-based biostimulant at 1.5 L ha-1, applied 0.75 L ha-1 at V4 + 0.75 L ha-1 at R1 (T12), was found to be the most significant treatment, improving the net photosynthesis, water status and plant growth, which resulted in a 12% increase in yield. In conclusion, the dosage and timing of application play pivotal roles in eliciting physiological and productive responses through bioestimulants. Sweed-based biostimulants emerge as essential components to optimizing the cultivation and yield of soybean plants, serving as efficient and sustainable biological regulators.